Hypothesis on Pollution of Neuronal Membranes, Epilepsy and Ketogenic Diet

Taking into account recent facts, Altrup’s neuron’s membrane pollution hypothesis for epilepsy is dealt with. This hypothesis links paroxysmal depolarization shifts observed during epileptic activity, and single-neuron pacemaker potentials. Membrane’s physicochemical characteristics, fluidity and pollution influence on its capability to conduct impulses and polarize. Previously used means of epilepsy treatment based on the ketogenic diet, as well as their possible mechanisms are discussed on the light of Altrup’s hypothesis. Among possible action mechanisms for ketogenic diet, we underline ketone bodies antiepileptic action, the role of increased synthesis of glutathione and the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and cholesterol as components included into the ketogenic diet. These three mechanisms, among others, lead to a regulation of fluidity and other biophysical properties of the membrane bilayer as well as to a cleansing of the membrane from amphiphilic polluters, in accordance with Altrup’s hypothesis.